Practice Parameters for the Use of Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain
Activities & Quality of Life
Does spinal cord stimulation therapy have an impact on ability to engage in activities of daily life and quality of life?
Improved ability to engage in activities of daily life (e.g., walking, climbing stairs, sleeping, engaging in sex, driving a car, and sitting at a table) and improved quality of life have been reported as beneficial outcomes of spinal cord stimulation.
Standard scales, e.g., the Oswestry Disability Index (disease-specific for low back pain) or the Sickness Impact Profile (general health), may be used to assess this outcome.
| Strength of recommendation | Evidence source(s)/rationale |
| N/A -- information only | N/A -- see Bibliography for relevant literature |
Abstract Waddell G, Newton M, Henderson I, Somerville D, Main CJ. Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability. Pain 52(2):157-168, 1993.
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Abstract Stratford P, Solomon P, Binkley J, Finch E, Gill C. Sensitivity of Sickness Impact Profile items to measure change over time in a low-back pain patient group. Spine 18:1723-1727, 1993.
Abstract Spitzer WO. State of science 1986: Quality of life and functional status as target variables for research. J Chron Dis 40:465-471, 1987.
Romano JM, Syrjala KL, Levy RL, Turner JA, Evans P, Keefe F. Overt pain behaviors: Relationship to patient functioning and treatment outcome. Behav Res Ther 19:191-201 1988.
Kovacs FM, Abraira V, Zamora J, Teresa Gil del Real M, Llobera J, Fernández C, Bauza JR, Bauza K, Coll J, Cuadri M, et al. Correlation between pain, disability, and quality of life in patients with common low back pain. Spine 29:206-210, 2004. 2004.
Abstract Kopec JA, Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Abenhaim L, Wood-Dauphinee S, Lamping DL, Williams JI. The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale: conceptualization and development. J Clin Epidemiol 49:151-161, 1996.
Abstract Kopec JA, Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Abenhaim L, Wood-Dauphinee S, Lamping DL, Williams JI. The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Measurement properties. Spine 20:341-352, 1995.
Abstract Grönbald M, Järvinen E, Hurri H, Hulpi M, Karaharju EO. Relationship of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) with three dynamic physical tests in a group of patients with chronic low back and leg pain. Clin J Pain 10(3):197-203, 1994.
Abstract Grönblad M, Hupli M, Wennerstrand P, Järvinen E, Lukinmaa A, Kouri PJP, Karaharju EO. Intercorrelation and test-retest reliability of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) and their correlation with pain intensity in low back pain patients. Clin J Pain 9:189-195, 1993.
Abstract Fritz JM, George SZ, Delitto A. The role of fear-avoidance beliefs in acute low back pain: relationships with current and future disability and work status. Pain 94:7-15, 2001.
Abstract Fritz JM, Irrgang JJ. A comparison of a modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Phys Ther 81:776–788, 2001.
Abstract Fisher K, Johnson M. Validation of the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire, its sensitivity as a measure of change following treatment and its relationship with other aspects of the chronic pain experience. Physiother Theory Pract 13:67–80, 1997.
Feise RJ, Michael Menke J. Functional Rating Index: a new valid and reliable instrument to measure the magnitude of clinical change in spinal conditions. Spine 26:78–87, 2001.
Abstract Fairbank JC, Davies JB, Couper J, O’Brien JP. The Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. Physiotherapy 66(8):271-273, 1980.
Deyo R. Comparative validity of the sickness impact profile and shorter scales for functional assessment in low-back pain. Spine 11:951-954, 1986.
Abstract de Bruin AF, Diederiks LP, de Witte PL, Stavens CJ, Philipsen H. The development of a short generic version of the sickness impact profile. J Clin Epidemiol 47:407-418, 1994.
Abstract Ceran F, Ozcan A. The relationship of the Functional Rating Index with disability, pain, and quality of life in patients with low back pain. Med Sci Monit 12(10):CR435-39, 2006.
Abstract Busschbach JJ, McDonnell J, Essink-Bot ML, van Hout BA. Estimating parametric relationships between health description and health valuation with an application to the EuroQol EQ-5D. J Health Econ 18(5):551;71, 1999.
Abstract Bergner M, Bobbitt RA, Pollard WE, Martin DP, Gilson BS. The sickness impact profile: Validation of a health status measure. Med Care 14:56-67, 1976.
Abstract
Increased ability to engage in activities of daily living/improved quality of life in long-term follow-up studies
van Buyten J-P, van Zundert JV, Milbouw G. Treatment of failed back surgery syndrome patients with low back and leg pain: a pilot study of a new dual lead spinal cord stimulation system. Neuromodulation 2(4):258-265, 1999.Abstract | Wikistim Entry van Buyten J-P, van Zundert J, Vueghs P, Vanduffel L. Efficacy of spinal cord stimulation: 10 years of experience in a pain centre in Belgium. Eur J Pain 5(3):299-307, 2001.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry Rainov NG, Heidecke V, Burkert W. Short test-period spinal cord stimulation for failed back surgery syndrome. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 39(2):41-44, 1996.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry North RB, Kidd DH, Zahurak M, James CS, Long DM. Spinal cord stimulation for chronic, intractable pain: experience over two decades. Neurosurgery 32(3):384-394, 1993.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry North RB, Ewend ME, Lawton MA, Piantadosi S. Spinal cord stimulation for chronic, intractable pain: superiority of "multi-channel" devices. Pain 44(2):119-130, 1991.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry May MS, Banks C, Thomson SJ. A retrospective, long-term, third-party follow-up of patients considered for spinal cord stimulation. Neuromodulation 5(3):137-144, 2002.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry Kumar K, Toth C. The role of spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain postlaminectomy. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2:85-92, 1998.
Kumar K, Toth C, Nath RK, Laing P. Epidural spinal cord stimulation for treatment of chronic pain--some predictors of success. A 15-year experience. Surg Neurol 50(2):110-120, 1998.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry Kumar K, Malik S, Demeria D. Treatment of chronic pain with spinal cord stimulation versus alternative therapies: cost-effectiveness analysis. Neurosurgery 51(1):106-116, 2002.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry Harke H, Gretenkort P, Ladleif HU, Koester P, Rahman S. Spinal cord stimulation in postherpetic neuralgia and in acute herpes zoster pain. Anesth Analg 94(3):694-700, 2002.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry De Mulder PA, te Rijdt B, Veeckmans G, Belmans L. Evaluation of a dual quadripolar surgically implanted spinal cord stimulation lead for failed back surgery patients with chronic low back and leg pain. Neuromodulation 8(4):219-224, 2005.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry de la Porte C, Van de Kelft E. Spinal cord stimulation in failed back surgery syndrome. Pain 52(1):55-61, 1993.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry Dario A, Fortini G, Bertollo D, Bacuzzi A, Grizzetti C, Currari S. Treatment of failed back surgery syndrome. Neuromodulation 4(3):105-110, 2001.
Abstract Budd K. Spinal cord stimulation: cost-benefit study. Neuromodulation 5(2):75-78, 2002.
Abstract | Wikistim Entry
Increased ability to engage in activities of daily living/improved quality of life in short-term follow-up studies
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